Porównanie kilku popularnych metod suszenia w suszeniu żywności
Naturalna metoda suszenia
Oznacza to, że ryby, produkty spożywcze, warzywa i owoce są odwadniane i przetwarzane na produkty suche za pomocą ekspozycji na słońce, wiatru i cienia. Ta metoda jest prosta i łatwa i pozwala lepiej zachować właściwości smakowe żywności.
① Advantages
● the drying method is simple, low-cost and not limited by the site.
② Shortcomings
● long drying time; Products are easy to change color; Serious vitamin loss; Limited by climatic conditions; Easily polluted by microorganisms, rats, flies and dust; It is difficult to scale production.
Suszarka do żywności
Suszenie sublimacyjne
Oznacza to, że materiał zawierający dużą ilość wody jest wcześniej schładzany i zamrażany w ciało stałe, a następnie woda w stanie stałym jest sublimowana bezpośrednio w warunkach próżni, podczas gdy sam materiał pozostaje w zamarzniętym szelfie lodowym, więc jego objętość pozostaje niezmienione po wyschnięciu.
① Advantages
● freeze drying is carried out at low temperature, so it is especially suitable for many heat sensitive substances. For example, proteins and microorganisms will not denature or lose biological vitality. Therefore, it has been widely used in medicine.
● when drying at low temperature, the loss of some volatile components in the substance is very small, which is suitable for the drying of some chemical products, drugs and food.
● during freeze-drying, the growth of microorganisms and the action of enzymes cannot be carried out, so the original properties can be maintained.
● due to drying in the frozen state, the volume is almost unchanged, the original structure is maintained, and concentration will not occur.
● the dried substance dissolves rapidly and completely after adding water, and almost immediately recovers its original properties.
● since drying is carried out under vacuum and there is little oxygen, some substances that are easy to oxidize are protected.
● drying can remove more than 95-99 percent moisture, so that the dried products can be stored for a long time without deterioration.
Dlatego liofilizacja jest szeroko stosowana w przemyśle farmaceutycznym, spożywczym, badaniach naukowych i innych działach.
② Shortcomings
Operacja powinna być prowadzona w wysokiej próżni i niskiej temperaturze, a koszt inwestycji i koszt eksploatacji są bardzo duże, więc koszt produktu jest wysoki.
microwave drying
Ogrzewanie mikrofalowe polega na suszeniu przy użyciu mikrofal jako źródła ciepła.
① Advantages
● fast drying speed;
● heating is relatively uniform;
● heating is easy to adjust and control;
● the heating process has automatic balance (since the ability of water to absorb microwave is stronger than that of dry materials, the microwave energy will not be concentrated in the dried part, avoiding the overheating of dry materials);
● high heating efficiency.
② Shortcomings
● high power consumption.
Suszarka do żywności
Suszenie powietrzem:
① Advantages
● convenient installation: convenient installation and demolition, small floor area, and can be installed indoors and outdoors;
● high efficiency and energy saving: only a small amount of electric energy is consumed, a large amount of heat can be absorbed in the air, and the power consumption is only 1 / 4 of that of the electric heater; Compared with coal, oil and gas dryers, it can save about 60 percent of the operation cost. One degree of electricity is equal to four degrees of electricity.
● no pollution: it is a sustainable product without any combustion and emissions.
● stable and reliable operation: the operation of the whole system is a reliable semi closed drying system without the possible dangers of flammability, explosion, poisoning, short circuit and so on in the traditional dryer (oil, gas or electric heating).
● long service life and low maintenance cost: it is developed on the basis of traditional air conditioning technology, with stable and reliable performance and long service life; The operation is stable and reliable, fully automatic, free of manual operation and automatic control.
● comfortable and convenient, high degree of automation: automatic control constant temperature device is adopted for 24-hour continuous drying operation.
● wide range of application, not affected by climate: it can be widely used in high-temperature hot water and drying system equipment such as food, agricultural and sideline products, marine products, paper products, wood, leather, chemical industry and medicine.
② Shortcomings
● the initial investment is relatively high. The construction of heat pump dryer equipment and drying room requires a large initial investment.
Istnieje wiele metod suszenia żywności. Konkretna metoda zależy od suszonych materiałów, a suszarkę do żywności należy dobrać zgodnie z rzeczywistą sytuacją.
